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	<title>Metropolitics</title>
	<link>https://metropolitics.org/</link>
	<description>Favoriser les d&#233;bats et confronter les savoirs et les savoir-faire sur la ville, l'architecture et les territoires.</description>
	<language>en</language>
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		<title>Metropolitics</title>
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		<title>Nature in the City</title>
		<link>https://metropolitics.org/The-Nature-s-of-Cities.html</link>
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		<dc:date>2014-11-03T05:55:00Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator> Lise Bourdeau-Lepage &amp; translated by Oliver Waine</dc:creator>



		<description>
&lt;p&gt;While nature and the city have historically been opposing concepts, attitudes today are different: we now actively seek new ways to reconcile and combine the two in a harmonious coexistence. This series of articles asks how different forms of nature can be integrated into urban development, questions the sometimes contradictory desires revealed by this phenomenon, and examines the environmental, economic and aesthetic challenges that it raises. &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt; Nature: a key component of city-dwellers'&lt;/p&gt;


-
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/-Series-.html" rel="directory"&gt;Series&lt;/a&gt;


		</description>



		

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<item xml:lang="en">
		<title>The role of proximities in improving territorial governance</title>
		<link>https://metropolitics.org/The-role-of-proximities-in.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://metropolitics.org/The-role-of-proximities-in.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2013-07-10T04:55:00Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator> Lise Bourdeau-Lepage &amp; translated by Oliver Waine</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>local governance</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>proximity</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>conflict</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>negotiation</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;What can be done to improve territorial governance? Andr&#233; Torre and Jean-Eudes Beuret emphasise the role of proximity in this process, where conflict and negotiation are two sides of the same coin. &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt; This work, through its 105 pages, proposes the broad lines of a method for managing and coordinating territories using a proximity-based approach (Gilly and Torre 2000; Pecqueur and Zimmermann 2004). The key idea is relatively simple and can be stated as follows: territories are subject to major&lt;/p&gt;


-
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/-Reviews-.html" rel="directory"&gt;Reviews&lt;/a&gt;

/ 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-local-governance-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;local governance&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-proximity-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;proximity&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-conflict-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;conflict&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-negotiation-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;negotiation&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>



		
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<item xml:lang="en">
		<title>When agriculture meets the city&#8230;</title>
		<link>https://metropolitics.org/When-agriculture-meets-the-city.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://metropolitics.org/When-agriculture-meets-the-city.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2013-04-10T04:58:44Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator> Andr&#233; Torre &amp; Lise Bourdeau-Lepage &amp; translated by Oliver Waine</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>environment</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>nature</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>local governance</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>urban ecology</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>urban agriculture</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>agriculture</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>farming</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;In this article, Andr&#233; Torre and Lise Bourdeau-Lepage consider the role of nature in the city through the prism of urban agriculture. They defend the idea that the future of this phenomenon is intimately linked to its landscape-related, aesthetic, and even educational qualities, so dear to the hearts of city dwellers. &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt; ---- Series: Nature in the City &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Long celebrated as a vestige of a bygone age, agriculture in the city has now become an increasingly common feature on politicians' agendas,&lt;/p&gt;


-
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/-Debates-.html" rel="directory"&gt;Debates&lt;/a&gt;

/ 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-environment-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;environment&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-nature-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;nature&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-local-governance-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;local governance&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-urban-ecology-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;urban ecology&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-urban-agriculture-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;urban agriculture&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-agriculture-464-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;agriculture&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-farming-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;farming&lt;/a&gt;

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<item xml:lang="en">
		<title>Jobs and geography: can the &#8220;functional hypercentrality&#8221; of Paris be an asset for the surrounding region?</title>
		<link>https://metropolitics.org/Jobs-and-geography-can-the.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://metropolitics.org/Jobs-and-geography-can-the.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2013-02-20T06:33:49Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator> Lise Bourdeau-Lepage &amp; &#201;lisabeth Tovar &amp; translated by Oliver Waine</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>segregation</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Paris region</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Paris</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>employment</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>metropolis</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;In a context of increasing competition among global cities, is it possible that Paris's key asset is the spatial concentration of its strategic economic functions in the heart of the city? Lise Bourdeau-Lepage and &#201;lisabeth Tovar, having observed the &#8220;functional hypercentrality&#8221; of the Paris metropolitan area, here consider the social and economic effects of public policy regarding the geographical distribution of jobs. &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt; In the wake of the information revolution, the advent of new information&lt;/p&gt;


-
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/-Debates-.html" rel="directory"&gt;Debates&lt;/a&gt;

/ 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-segregation-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;segregation&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-Paris-region-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;Paris region&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-Paris-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;Paris&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-employment-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;employment&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-metropolis-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;metropolis&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>



		
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<item xml:lang="en">
		<title>Solving the housing crisis: opening up private housing to the social sector</title>
		<link>https://metropolitics.org/Solving-the-housing-crisis-opening.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://metropolitics.org/Solving-the-housing-crisis-opening.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2013-02-13T05:50:00Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator> Lise Bourdeau-Lepage &amp; Jean-Pierre L&#233;vy &amp; Nadine Roudil &amp; translated by Oliver Waine</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>homeownership</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>housing</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>housing policy</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>social housing</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>public policy</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>landlords</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>rental</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>rent</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>rental housing</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Jean-Pierre L&#233;vy has devoted much of his work to the issue of poor housing conditions. Here, for Metropolitics, he discusses the causes of a crisis that, in his view, is essentially qualitative in nature, and proposes a solution to this crisis, whereby the social status of housing is defined according to who occupies it rather than where it is built. &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt; What are the main differences between the way housing issues were addressed in the 1970s and the way they are addressed today? &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Housing issues&lt;/p&gt;


-
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/-Interviews-.html" rel="directory"&gt;Interviews&lt;/a&gt;

/ 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-homeownership-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;homeownership&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-housing-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;housing&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-housing-policy-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;housing policy&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-social-housing-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;social housing&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-public-policy-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;public policy&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-landlords-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;landlords&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-rental-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;rental&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-rent-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;rent&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-rental-housing-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;rental housing&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>



		
		<enclosure url="https://metropolitics.org/IMG/pdf/MET-LevyJP-entretien-BourdeauLepage-Roudil-en.pdf" length="116197" type="application/pdf" />
		

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<item xml:lang="en">
		<title>Well-being in the Paris region: widening regional disparities despite overall improvement</title>
		<link>https://metropolitics.org/Well-being-in-the-Paris-region.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://metropolitics.org/Well-being-in-the-Paris-region.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2011-10-12T09:07:22Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator> Lise Bourdeau-Lepage &amp; &#201;lisabeth Tovar &amp; translated by Eric Rosencrantz</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>segregation</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Paris region</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>inequalities</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>well-being</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>social justice</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Greater Paris</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Has the socio-spatial divide widened over the past 10 years in the Paris region? Using an original method inspired by the work of Amartya Sen to measure the distribution of well-being in the Paris region between 1999 and 2006, Lise Bourdeau-Lepage and &#201;lisabeth Tovar come to a rather pessimistic conclusion: the general rise in well-being actually masks widening regional disparities and setbacks in the northern suburbs of Paris, which are increasingly disadvantaged. &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt; In recent years, the Paris&lt;/p&gt;


-
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/-Essays-.html" rel="directory"&gt;Essays&lt;/a&gt;

/ 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-segregation-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;segregation&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-Paris-region-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;Paris region&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-inequalities-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;inequalities&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-well-being-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;well-being&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-social-justice-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;social justice&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://metropolitics.org/+-Greater-Paris-+.html" rel="tag"&gt;Greater Paris&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>



		
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